Medicines
Older people often have several long-term (chronic) conditions at the same time. The most common include arthritis, diabetes, and high blood pressure. Because these are different kinds of health problems, doctors often prescribe a different medicine for each one.
As people age, the body’s ability to process drugs can decrease, making them more sensitive to side effects. Sometimes the side effects are relatively minor, such as dry mouth or a temporary upset stomach. While these are unpleasant, they don’t pose the risk that happens with the side effects of dizziness, feeling light-headed, or losing balance, which can cause a fall.
For these reasons, older people should keep a list of all medicines being taken, both prescription and nonprescription. The list should include the name of the drug, what it is for, the time of day it is taken, and the dosage (for example, how many pills). All of the following should be included on the list:
- Prescription drugs
- Nonprescription, over-the-counter medicines (such as antihistamines, cold medicines, laxatives)
- Herbs, nutritional supplements, special teas
- Alcohol and caffeine
All of these, including the alcohol and caffeine, can possibly cause dizziness and contribute to a fall. This list should be shown to and reviewed by any doctor providing treatment, as well as the pharmacist.
Resources:
- AGS Foundation for Health in Aging
Using Medicines Safely - Fall Prevention Center of Excellence
A Patient’s Guide to Preventing Falls
Includes personal medicine record form