Michael T. Gross, PT, Ph.D.
Professor

RESEARCH BACKGROUND AND INTERESTS

    1. Prevention of athletic injuries
    2. Rehabilitation of athletic injuries
    3. Assessment and treatment of limb length inequality
    4. Assessment and treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome
    5. Efficacy and mechanisms of foot orthotic intervention

CURRENT RESEARCH

•    Assessment and treatment of limb length inequality
•    Efficacy and mechanisms of foot orthotic intervention

EDUCATION

Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
B.A. in Psychology, June, 1976.

University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
B.S. in Physical Therapy, December, 1979.

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.  M.S. in Physical Therapy, August, 1983. Certification in Athletic Training.  Thesis Title:  "The Effect of Recurrent Lateral Ankle Sprains on Active and Passive Judgments of Joint Position".

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.  Ph.D. in Curriculum and Instruction, August, 1986.  Dissertation Title:  "The Relative Value of Multiple Physical Therapy Admission Criteria in Predicting Didactic, Clinical, and Licensure Examination Performance".

TEACHING

Lectures
Observational Gait Analysis & Biomechanics of the Foor and Ankle- two 1-hour lectures for orthopaedic residents, Division of Orthopaedics, Basic Science Seminars, 2003-present.

Mechanical Properties of Musculoskeletal Tissues - a three hour unit of instruction for orthopaedic residents, Division of Orthopaedics, Basic Science Seminars, 1988-1995.

Musculoskeletal Screening - a six hour unit of instruction co-taught with other Division of Physical Therapy Faculty for second year medical school students in Physical Diagnosis, 1988 to 1991, and 1993 to 1995.

Introductory Biomechanics - a 12 hour unit of instruction for entry level physical therapy students, 1986-1994.

Evaluation and Treatment of Foot, Ankle, Patellofemoral, and Tibiofemoral  Dysfunction - a 21 hour unit of instruction for entry level physical therapy students, 1988-present.

Muscle Mechanics - a two hour lecture for entry level physical therapy students, 1988-1995.

Courses

PHYT 238 - Foot Orthotic/Shoewear Intervention for Lower Quarter Dysfunction, 1997.

PHYT 375 – Advanced Orthopaedic Assessment and Treatment, 2004 - present.  A distance education course in the Transitional DPT program at UNC-CH.

HMSC 200A - The Scientific Basis of Human Movement:  Musculoskeletal Mechanics and Physiologic Responses, 1998-present.

HMSC 290 - Advanced Biomechanics and Kinesiology, 1988 - present.

HMSC 293 - Advanced Orthopaedic Assessment and Treatment, 1988 - 2004.

EXSS 237 – Advanced Orthopaedic Assessment and Treatment, Graduate Program in Athletic Training, UNC-CH, 2004 – present.

PT 307 - Movement Sciences I - Biomechanics.  Duke University Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Fall Semester, 2002 - present.

PT 322 - Arthrological and Pathological Movement Science I.  Duke University Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Summer Semester, 2003 - present.

REFEREED  PUBLICATIONS

Tsai L-C, Yu B, Mercer VS, Gross MT:  The relationship between weight bearing foot structure and standing postural control. Submitted to J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, March, 2006, 46 pages.

Lin C-F, Gross MT, Weihnhold PS:  Ankle syndesmosis injuries: Anatomy, biomechanics, mechanism of injury, and clinical guidelines for diagnosis and intervention.  J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.   2006;36(6):372-384.

Queen RM, Gross MT, Liu H-Y:  Repeatability of lower extremity kinetics and kinematics for standardized and self-selected running speeds.  Gait & Posture.  2006;23(3):282-287.

Cohen JD, Gross MT:  Effect of bicycle racing saddle design on transcutaneous penile oxygen pressure.  J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2005;45(3):409-18.

Thigpen CA, Gross MT, Karas SG, Garrett WE, Yu B:  The repeatability of scapular rotations across three planes of humeral elevation.  Research Sports Med.  2005;13:181-191.

Johnston LB, Gross MT:  Effects of foot orthoses on quality of life for individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome.  J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  2004;34(8):440-448.

Gross MT, Foxworth JL:  The role of foot orthotics as an intervention for patellofemoral pain.  J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.   2003;33:661-670.

Gross MT, Liu H-Y:  The role of ankle bracing for prevention of ankle sprain injuries.  J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  2003;33:572-577.

Allen RH, Gross MT:  Toe flexors strength and passive extension range of motion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint in individuals with plantar fasciitis.  J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  2003;33:468-478.

Brady RJ, Dean JB, Skinner TM, Gross MT: Limb length inequality:  Classification, etiology, incidence, related pathologies, assessment, and intervention.  J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  2003;33:221-234.

Gross MT, Byers JM, Krafft JL, Lackey EJ, Melton KM:  Impact of custom semi-rigid foot orthotics on pain and disability for individuals with plantar fasciitis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  2002;32(4):149-157.

Falsone S, Gross MT, Guskiewicz KM, Schneider RA:  One arm hop test:  Reliability and effects of arm dominance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  2002;32(3):98-103.

Wu S-K, Gross MT, Prentice WE, Yu B:  Comparison of ball-and-racquet impact force between two tennis backhand stroke techniques. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  2001;31(5):247-254.

Gross MT, Dailey ES, Dalton MD, Lee AK, McKiernan TL, Vernon WL, Walden AC:  Relationship between lifting capacity and anthropometric measures. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  2000;30(5):237-247, 258-262.

Genova JM, Gross MT:  Effect of foot orthotics on rearfoot kinematics during walking in subjects demonstrating abnormal pronation.  J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1999;30(11):664-675.     

Petty JF, Mercer VS, Gross MT, Riegger-Krugh C:  Relationship between maximum ankle dorsiflexion range of motion and maximal posterior horizontal excursion in standing.   Issues on Aging.  1999;23(3):7-14. 

Hung Y-J, Gross MT:  Effect of foot position on electromyographic activity of the vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis during closed kinetic chain activities.  J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1999;29:93-105.

Rogers JS, Witt PL, Gross MT, Hacke JD, Genova PA:  Simultaneous palpation of the craniosacral rate at the head and feet:  Rate comparison, intrarater and interrater reliability, and assessment of lag time. Phys Ther.  1998;78:1175-1185.

Lear LJ, Gross, MT:  An electromyographic analysis of the scapular stabilizing synergists during a push-up progression. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1998;28:146-157.

Gilbert CB, Gross MT, Klug KB:  Relationship between hip external rotation and turnout angle for the five classical ballet positions. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1998;27:339-347.

Gross MT, Burns CB, Chapman SW, Hudson CJ, Curtis HS, Lehman JR:  Reliability and validity of pelvic leveling device in assessing leg length inequality. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1998;27:285-294.

Gross MT, Witt PL:  Complications arising from trauma induced leg length inequality in an adult. Phys Ther Case Reports.  1998;1(1):27-33.

Gross MT, Cardillo LM, Cox BD, McMillan HP, Meadows AF, Piland CS, Powers WS:  Effect of ankle orthoses on functional performance for individuals with recurrent lateral ankle sprains.  J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1997;25:245-252.

Jonson S, Gross MT:  Intraexaminer reliability, interexaminer reliability, and normal values for nine lower extremity skeletal measures. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1997;25:253-263.

McCulloch KL, Gross MT, Ferguson ST, Kerr LL, Wills CA, Farlow MR:  Interrater and test-retest reliability of the Berg Balance Scale for patients with brain injury.  Neurology Report, 1997; 21(2):50.

Roberson JM, Witt P, Gross MT:  A comparison of trunk extensor strength and squat lifting ability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1996;25:137-144.

Inscoe EL, Witt PL, Gross MT, Mitchell RU:  Reliability in evaluating passive intervertebral motion of the lumbar spine.  J Manual and Manipulative Ther.  1995;3(4):135-143.

Gross MT:  Lower quarter screening for structural malalignment- Suggestions for orthotics and shoewear. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1995;21:389-405.

Gross MT, Sekerak DK, Allen DD:  Effect of including a clinical example on the ability of physical therapists to apply information in a research report.  Phys Ther.  1994;74:963-968.

Gross MT, Everts JR, Roberson SE, Roskin DS, Young KD: Effect of DonJoy Ankle Ligmament Protector and Aircast  Sport-Stirrup orthoses on functional performance J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1994;19:150-156.

Gross MT, Batten AM, Lamm AL, Lorren JL, Stevens JJ, Davis JM, Wilkerson GB:  Comparison of DonJoy Ankle Ligament Protector and Subtalar Sling ankle taping in restricting foot and ankle motion before and after exercise. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1994;19:33-41.

Gross MT, Tyson AD, Burns CB:  Effect of knee flexion angle and anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency on anterior tibial translation during quadriceps muscle contraction:  A preliminary report. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1993;17:133-143.

Gross MT:  Chronic tendinitis: Pathomechanics of injury factors affecting the healing response, and treatment. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1992;16:248-26.

Gross MT, Ballard CL, Mears HG, Watkins EJ:  Comparison of DonJoy Ankle Ligament Protector and Aircast Sport-Stirrup orthoses in restricting foot and ankle motion before and after exercise. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1992;16:60-67.

Wang S-F, Nelson C, Gross MT, Light AR:  The effect of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation on somatosensory evoked potentials and subjective pain.  J Clin Electrophysiology.  1992;4:23-28.

Gross MT, Brugnolotti JC:  Relationship between multiple predictor variables and normal ankle eversion-inversion peak torque and angular work J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1992;15:24-31.

Sczepanski TL, Gross MT, Duncan PW, Chandler JM:  Effect of contraction type, angular velocity, and arc of motion on VMO:VL EMG ratio. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1991;14:256-262.

Gross MT, Huffman GM, Phillips CN, Wray JA:  Intra-machine and inter-machine reliability of the Biodex and Cybex II  for knee flexion and extension peak torque and angular work J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1991;13:329-335.

Souza DR, Gross MT:  Comparison of VMO:VL integrated EMG ratios between normal and patellofemoral pain subjects.  Phys Ther.  1991;71:310-320.

Gross MT, Lapp AK, Davis JM:  Comparison of Swede-O-Universal Ankle Support and Aircast Sport-Stirrup orthoses and ankle tape in restricting eversion-inversion before and after exercise. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1991;13:11-19.

Lavin RP, Gross MT:  Comparison of Johnson Anti-Shear Accessory and standard dynamometer attachment for anterior and posterior tibial translation during isometric muscle contractions J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1990;11:547-553.

Gross MT, Credle JK, Hopkins LA, Kollins TM:  Validity of knee flexion and extension peak torque prediction models.  Phys Ther.  1990;70:3-10.

Gross MT:  Relative value of multiple physical therapy admission criteria in predicting didactic, clinical, and licensure performance.  J Phys Ther Educ.  1989;3:7-14.

Gross MT, Schuch CP, Huber E, Scoggins JF, Sulivan SH:  Method for quantifying assessment of contact thermography:  Effect of extremity dominance on temperature distribution patterns J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1989;10:412-417.

Gross MT, Schuch CP:  Exercise programs for patients with post-polio syndrome:  A case report.  Phys Ther.  1989;69:54-62.

Gross MT, McGrain P, Demilio N, Plyler L:  Relationship between multiple predictor variables and normal knee torque production.  Phys Ther.  1989;69:54-62.

Gross MT, Cochrane CG:  A method for quantifying the activity and rest periods of spontaneous infant kicking.   Phys Occup Ther Pediatrics.  1988;8:59-70.

Gross MT:  Effect of recurrent lateral ankle sprains on active and passive judgments of joint position.  Phys Ther.  1987;67:1505-1509.

Gross MT, Bradshaw MK, Ventry LC, Weller, KH:  Comparison of support provided by ankle taping and semirigid orthosis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  1987;9:33-39.

PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES

American Physical Therapy Association, 1980 to present

Orthopaedic Physical Therapy Section of the APTA, 1986 to present
North Carolina Physical Therapy Association, 1981 to present