Evidence of progressive academic productivity:

 Clinical Care

1. Publishing important clinical observations in peer-reviewed clinical journals of excellence - benchmark number of clinical reports:
   • Assistant to Associate Professor- 3 papers
   • Associate Professor to Professor- 10 papers
   • Post-tenure evaluation- 3 papers per year
2. Publishing review articles in clinical journals of excellence - benchmark number of review articles:
   • Assistant to Associate Professor- 1 paper
   • Associate Professor to Professor- 4 papers
   • Post-tenure evaluation- 1 paper per year
3. Publishing textbook chapters - benchmark number of chapters:
   • Assistant to Associate Professor- 1 chapter
   • Associate Professor to Professor- 3 chapters
   • Post-tenure evaluation- 1 chapter per year
4. Editor or editorial board of journal or textbook

Research

1. Publishing peer-reviewed papers in scientific journals of excellence - benchmark number of scientific papers:
   • Assistant to Associate Professor - 5 papers
   • Associate Professor to Professor - 15 papers
   • Post-tenure evaluation - 3 papers per year
2. Successful competition for peer-reviewed grants: see NIH New Investigators Program 
   • Assistant to Associate Professor - should have at least K-award: see NIH Career Development Awards (K Awards)
     
     • K08 - Mentored Clinical Scientist Career Development Award
     • K23 - Mentored Patient Oriented Research Career Development Award
       
     • K12 participation - Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Program Award
       Support to an institution for the development of independent clinical scientists; 5 yrs; 75% effort; initiated by the educational institution.
   • Associate professor - R01, T32, Program grants
     • NIH R01 grant - Investigator-initiated research project grant 
       - Overview
       - Announcement
     • NIH T32 grant - Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) Institutional Research Training Grants 
       - Overview
       - Announcement
     • Program project grants
       
     • Requests for applications (RFAs)
       

Notes:

1. Many professional organizations offer career developmental grants to junior faculty.
2. The UNC SOM Office of Research and Faculty Development provides research resources and grant opportunities
3. The UNC Department of Surgery Research Support Office is available to assist Surgery faculty with proposal preparation and grants management

Education- individual must demonstrate status as educational scholar first by being outstanding teacher

1. Publish education-based peer-review papers in prominent journals - benchmarks for promotion:
   
   • Assistant to Associate Professor- 3 papers
   • Associate to Professor- 10 papers
   • Post-tenure evaluation- 3 papers per year
2. Make presentations at national meetings - benchmarks for promotion:
   
   • Assistant to Associate Professor- 3 national presentations
   • Associate to Professor- 10 national presentations
   • Post-tenure evaluation- 2 national presentations per year
3. Write or edit textbooks
4. Compete for grant support for educational programs - information on UNCs teaching mission and educational programs is available at:
   
   • Office of Research and Faculty Development
   • Office of Educational Development
5. Develop innovative educational programs - these may occur in a variety of venues including clinical care, research lab, or other sites
6. Create educational materials - videos, CDs, websites, etc.

Evidence for National Reputation for Excellence

1. Letters from external reviewers (external advisor)
2. Quality of journals in which individual has published (impact factor) see clinical journals of excellence and basic science journals of excellence
3. Participation in national and international symposia
4. NIH study sections
5. Editorial boards
6. National or international professional office
7. Board examiner
8. National awards