{"id":4039,"date":"2013-01-04T21:45:00","date_gmt":"2013-01-05T02:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.med.unc.edu\/biochem\/wang-discovers-information-from-outside-the-genome-influences-stem-cell-differentiation-cancer-development\/"},"modified":"2018-08-01T10:26:15","modified_gmt":"2018-08-01T14:26:15","slug":"wang-discovers-information-from-outside-the-genome-influences-stem-cell-differentiation-cancer-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.med.unc.edu\/biochem\/news\/wang-discovers-information-from-outside-the-genome-influences-stem-cell-differentiation-cancer-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Wang discovers information from outside the genome influences stem cell differentiation, cancer development"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p class=\"lead\">Research from the Wang and Strahl labs has shed new light on how epigenetic signals may function together to determine the ultimate fate of a stem cell.<\/p>\n<div class=\"image-section\">\n<figure class=\"thumbnail wp-caption alignright\">\n    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium size-full wp-image-4040\" src=\"https:\/\/www.med.unc.edu\/biochem\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/795\/2018\/07\/wang-discovers-information-from-outside-the-genome-influences-stem-cell-differentiation-cancer-development-image2.jpeg\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" alt=\"image2\"\/><figcaption class=\"caption wp-caption-text\">PCLS utilizing a group of amino acids to engage with a chemical marker that signals gene activation<br \/>\n    <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); line-height: 1.7; \">Long-standing research efforts have been focused on understanding how stem cells, cells capable of transforming into any type of cell in the body, are capable of being programmed down a defined path to contribute to the development of a specific organ like a heart, lung, or kidney. The study, published December 27, 2012 by the journal <i style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; \">Molecular Cell<\/i>, implicates a unique class of proteins called polycomb-like proteins, or PCL\u2019s, as bridging molecules between the \u201con\u201d and \u201coff\u201d state of a gene. While all of these specialized types of cells share the same genetic information encoded in our DNA, it is becoming increasingly clear that information outside the genome, referred to as epigenetics, plays a central role in orchestrating the reprogramming of a stem cell down a defined path.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); line-height: 1.7; \">Although it is understood that epigenetics is responsible for turning genes \u201con\u201d and \u201coff\u201d at defined times during cellular development, the precise mechanisms controlling this delicate process are less well understood.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); line-height: 1.7; \">\u201cThis finding has important implications for both stem cell biology and cancer development, as the same regulatory circuits controlled by PCL\u2019s in stem cells are often mis-regulated in tumors,\u201d said Dr. Greg Wang, senior author of the study and Assistant Professor of Biochemistry and Biophysics in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.med.unc.edu\/\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(66, 117, 151); border-bottom-style: none; \">UNC School of Medicine<\/a> and a member of UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); line-height: 1.7; \">The study, led by postdoctoral research fellows Drs. Ling Cai and Rui Lu in the Wang lab, and Dr. Scott Rothbart, a Lineberger postdoctoral fellow in the lab of Dr. Brian Strahl, Associate Professor of Biochemistry and Biophysics in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.med.unc.edu\/\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(66, 117, 151); border-bottom-style: none; \">UNC School of Medicine<\/a> and a member of UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, identified that PCL\u2019s interact with an epigenetic signal associated with genes that are turned on to recruit a group of proteins called the PRC2 complex which then turn genes off.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); line-height: 1.7; \">\u201cIn stem cells, the PRC2 complex turns genes off that would otherwise promote reprogramming into specialized cells of organs like the heart or lungs,\u201d said Wang.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); line-height: 1.7; \">In addition to its fundamental role in cellular development, elevated levels of PRC2 have been found in cancers of the prostate, breast, lung, and blood, and pharmaceutical companies are already developing drugs to target PRC2. Wang and colleagues determined that the same mechanisms controlling PRC2 function in stem cells also applies in human cancers.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); line-height: 1.7; \">\u201cThe identification of a specific PCL in controlling PRC2 in cancer cells suggests we may be able to develop drugs targeting this PCL to regulate PRC2 function in a more controlled manner that may maintain PRC2 function in stem cells while inhibiting it in the tumor,\u201d said Wang.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); line-height: 1.7; \">This research was funded by the National Institutes of Health grants (GM085394 and GM068088), the Department of Defense, the V Foundation for Cancer Research, and the University Cancer Research Fund, and was performed in collaboration with scientists at the University of California at Riverside, Rockefeller University, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Study co-authors from UNC also included Bowen Xu, a student in the Wang Lab, and Ashutosh Tripathy, a Research Professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); line-height: 1.7; \"><a class=\"external-link\" href=\"http:\/\/unclineberger.org\/news\/wang-discovers-information-from-outside-the-genome-influences-stem-cell-differentiation-cancer-development\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">Lineberger News<\/a> by William Davis<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><!-- description --> <\/p>\n<p class='lead'>Research from the Wang and Strahl labs has shed new light on how epigenetic signals may function together to determine the ultimate fate of a stem cell.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12066,"featured_media":4040,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"layout":"","cellInformation":"","apiCallInformation":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[10,18,4],"class_list":["post-4039","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-news_faculty","tag-news_2012","tag-recent-news","odd"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Wang discovers information from outside the genome influences stem cell differentiation, cancer development | Biochemistry and Biophysics<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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