{"id":4475,"date":"2014-06-01T18:15:00","date_gmt":"2014-06-01T22:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.med.unc.edu\/biochem\/unc-cell-movement\/"},"modified":"2018-08-01T10:40:41","modified_gmt":"2018-08-01T14:40:41","slug":"unc-cell-movement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.med.unc.edu\/biochem\/news\/unc-cell-movement\/","title":{"rendered":"UNC researchers develop insights into protein linked to cell movement"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Campbell Lab published an article in Structure that proposes a new model for understanding how these proteins bind together to facilitate cell movement.<\/p>\n

\n
\n \"image2\"\/
Sharon Campbell, PH.D.
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n \"image3\"\/
\u2013 A magnetized bead attaches to the exterior of a cell nucleus. The beads allow researchers to map out the signalling pathways that activate when physical forces push and pull on a cell. Source: UNC\/Burridge Lab
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
\n

Cell movement plays an important role in a host of biological functions from embryonic development to repairing wounded tissue. It also enables cancer cells to break free from their sites of origin and migrate throughout the body.<\/span><\/p>\n

A new study led by Sharon Campbell, PhD<\/a>, professor of Biochemistry and Biophysics at the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill and member of UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, deepens the understanding of a pair of proteins, vinculin and actin, that work together to allow a cell to migrate within the body. The study, published in Structure<\/i><\/span><\/a>, proposes a new model for understanding how these proteins bind together to facilitate cell movement. This team effort was conducted in collaboration with the labs of UNC Lineberger members Keith Burridge<\/a>, Nikolay Dokholyan<\/a> and Richard Superfine<\/a> and Edward Egelman<\/a>\u2018s laboratory at University of Virginia.<\/span><\/p>\n

The best model for the interaction between vinculin and actin dates back to 2006, when researchers used low-resolution electron microscopy data and computational modeling to identify potential sites where these proteins bind together. Campbell\u2019s team revised that model using data from a combination of higher-resolution electron microscopy, computer-generated molecular modeling and the creation of mutant variants of vinculin. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cOur data supported a unique surface that was important for actin binding,\u201d said Campbell. \u201cIdentification of this actin binding surface on vinculin has enabled us to dissect how this critical interaction controls how cells respond to force and move (JCB 2013). This in turn, will help us better understand how disregulation leads to disease.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Cell movement plays an important role in cancer research because of the role of metastasis in tumor development. In many cancers, the greatest threat to the patient comes not from the original tumor but from the cancer cells that migrate and form new tumors throughout the body. Campbell says there is some data on vinculin\u2019s role in promoting metastasis, but there is a need for more research to determine the link.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBy helping us better understand how cell movement is regulated, we can better understand metastasis,\u201d said Peter Thompson, lead author and graduate student in the Campbell lab.<\/span><\/p>\n

To develop the model, researchers developed mutants of vinculin that disrupted the actin\/vinculin interaction. The model identified a new face of the protein that contains a site where actin and vinculin bind together, a distinct, second and stronger interaction, than the previously described binding site from the old model.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cOur data suggest that there\u2019s a face on the vinculin tail that has been ignored by the previous model, and that it is very important,\u201d said Thompson.<\/span><\/p>\n

Earlier research by Dr. Campbell\u2019s lab determined some of the consequences of vinculin physically binding to the actin that makes up the cytoskeletal matrix within a cell. Acting as a molecular clutch, vinculin engages with actin to transfer force and help control cellular motion.<\/span><\/p>\n

As vinculin is an extremely abundant protein with roles in a variety of biological processes, a greater understanding of the protein\u2019s function could have broad medical implications. One area where the vinculin\/actin interaction has been linked to disease is with heart disease. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIn your cardiovascular system \u2013 your heart and arteries \u2013 the cells that form these organs need to stick together tightly. They do these in part by forming cell-to-cell adherens junctions,\u201d said Thompson. \u201cVinculin creates a critical physical link between the actin cytoskeleton and these junctions. If you disrupt that, the hypothesis is that cells no longer respond appropriately to force and the organ suffers.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Link to Lineberger News<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Link to Vital Signs<\/a>
<\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0969212614000720<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.newswise.com\/articles\/unc-researchers-develop-insights-into-protein-linked-to-cell-movement<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Media contact: William Davis, 919-966-5906<\/span>919-966-5906<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>, william_davis@med.unc.edu<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Campbell Lab published an article in Structure that proposes a new model for understanding how these proteins bind together to facilitate cell movement.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37803,"featured_media":4476,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"layout":"","cellInformation":"","apiCallInformation":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[23,10,20,4],"class_list":["post-4475","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-email_top_news","tag-news_faculty","tag-news_2014","tag-recent-news","odd"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUNC researchers develop insights into protein linked to cell movement | Biochemistry and Biophysics<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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