{"id":2325,"date":"2016-04-04T14:45:00","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T18:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.med.unc.edu\/flowcytometry\/resources-2\/guide-to-rigor-and-reproducibility-for-flow-cytometry-experiments\/"},"modified":"2025-12-02T11:12:10","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T16:12:10","slug":"guide-to-rigor-and-reproducibility-for-flow-cytometry-experiments","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.med.unc.edu\/flowcytometry\/resources\/guide-to-rigor-and-reproducibility-for-flow-cytometry-experiments\/","title":{"rendered":"Guide to Rigor and Reproducibility for Flow Cytometry Experiments"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>You may use this as a template for wording in your grants and publications to address Rigor and Reproducibility for your Flow Cytometry Experiments run in the UNC Flow Cytometry Core Facility.<\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #0000ff\"><strong>Eight steps to Rigorous and Reproducible Experiments in Biomolecular Research at UNC:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<h4>If using a core facility, <strong>consult <\/strong>with the core staff in the planning stage. Consult with a statistician if you need help developing a Power Analysis to assure that your results will be adequately powered.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Design your experiment with <strong>sufficient controls<\/strong> (rigor) <strong>and replicates<\/strong> (reproducibility).<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Assure that ALL of your reagents (antibodies, cell lines, mice) are<strong> fully validated<\/strong> (see below).<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Have a clear and <strong>detailed protoco<\/strong>l (SOP) and data analysis plan that can be easily followed. Assure that the protocol is strictly followed or that any deviation is well documented.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Assure that the staff or students performing the experiment are <strong>well trained<\/strong> and understand each step and the importance of performing them precisely (rigor again).<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Use only <strong>well-maintained instrumentation<\/strong>, preferably maintained and operated in a core facility with expert staff (see #1 above).<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><strong>Document all steps<\/strong>, reagents, equipment and data analysis methods used in the experiment. Assure that the both the documentation and the data itself are properly stored in a safe data management repository.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><strong>Acknowledge<\/strong> the Cancer Center Support Grant (<em>P30 CA016086)<\/em>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.med.unc.edu\/flowcytometry\/resources-2\/publication-acknowledgements\/\"> Grant-supported instrumentation<\/a> and core staff in publications.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #0000ff\"><strong>Consider Glenn Begley&#8217;s Six Rules for Reproducibility:<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<h4>Were the studies blinded?<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Were all the results shown?<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=PbODigCZqL8\">Were the experiments repeated<\/a>?<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Were the positive and negative controls shown?<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Were the reagents validated?<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Were the statistical tests appropriate?<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #0000ff\"><strong>Guide to Rigor and Reproducibility for Flow Cytometry Experiments in the UNC Flow Cytometry Core Facility<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<h4><strong style=\"text-align: justify\">I.<\/strong> <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Multicolor Flow Cytometry<\/span><span style=\"text-align: justify\">: all flow cytometry experiments will be run using replicate [animals\/cell lines, etc] according to recommendations based on <\/span><a class=\"external-link\" style=\"text-align: justify;background-color: #ffffff\" title=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/www.powerandsamplesize.com\/\" target=\"_self\">power calculations<\/a><span style=\"text-align: justify\">.<\/span><\/h4>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<h4>Include negative controls and single color controls with each experiment for sensitivity and compensation calculations.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Include a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/3-dead-cell-reagents-improve-your-data-analysis-tim-bushnell\/\">viability dye<\/a> to exclude dead cells from the analysis<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Run doublet discrimination in your analysis to exclude aggregates<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Run time as a parameter to assure that the fluidics were running smoothly during acquisition<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\">Daily quality control of all instrumentation is performed based on manufacturers\u2019 recommendations to ascertain that all of the UNC Flow Cytometry Core Facility flow cytometers maintain peak performance. Flow cytometric fluorophore compensation and analysis is completed using FlowJo, Summit, or FCS Express.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>II.<\/strong> <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Cell sorting<\/span>: quality control\/laser alignment and drop delay calculation is carried out according to manufacturers\u2019 recommendations on all cell sorters prior to sorting. Single color controls are included with each experiment for compensation calculations. Post-sort analysis are run on each population to verify purity when possible.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>III. <\/strong>All antibodies will be validated prior to reporting of results.<a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.faseb.org\/Portals\/2\/PDFs\/opa\/2016\/FASEB_Enhancing%20Research%20Reproducibility.pdf\" target=\"_self\"> Recommendations for research using antibodies<\/a> (page 7-8) &#8216;Although vendor-supplied technical information may help investigators select reagents such as antibodies, this information is insufficient for validation&#8217;.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\">Antibody Validation: Standards, Policies and Practices <a class=\"internal-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.med.unc.edu\/flowcytometry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/744\/2018\/06\/antibody-validation-standards-policies-and-practices.pdf\" target=\"_self\">Workshop Report<\/a> 2016<\/h4>\n<h4><strong> Resources for antibody validation:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<h4>Always Titrate<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Validate Specificity<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Integrate critical controls like Fluorescence Minus One controls (FMO)<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>See: Uhlen et al., <a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nmeth.3995\" target=\"_self\">A Proposal for Validation of Antibodies<\/a>, Nature Methods (2016)<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>More at: <a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/expertcytometry.com\/4-steps-to-validate-flow-cytometry-antibodies-and-improve-reproducibility\/\" target=\"_self\">https:\/\/expertcytometry.com\/4-steps-to-validate-flow-cytometry-antibodies-and-improve-reproducibility\/<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Also on the EuroMab network:<\/h4>\n<h4 class=\"entry-content\">Guidelines Website: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euromabnet.com\/guidelines\/index.php\">https:\/\/www.euromabnet.com\/guidelines\/index.php<\/a> \u00a0 Guidelines Manuscript: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26418356\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26418356<\/a> \u00a0 Pos\/Neg Controls Website: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euromabnet.com\/guidelines\/positive-negative-controls.php\">https:\/\/www.euromabnet.com\/guidelines\/positive-negative-controls.php<\/a> \u00a0 Additional Articles about Ab Validation: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euromabnet.com\/guidelines\/articles-about-antibody-validation.php\">https:\/\/www.euromabnet.com\/guidelines\/articles-about-antibody-validation.php<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left\">As always<strong>, <a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/www.med.unc.edu\/flowcytometry\/resources-2\/publication-acknowledgements\" target=\"_self\">cite core support and appropriate instrumentation grants in your publications<\/a>. <\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;text-decoration: underline;line-height: 1.43em\">This is important for center renewal!!<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\">Learn about the<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/grants.nih.gov\/reproducibility\/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NIH Initiative to Enhance Reproducibility through Rigor and Transparency<\/a><\/strong>. (<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a href=\"http:\/\/grants.nih.gov\/grants\/policy\/rigor\/NIH_Policy_Rigor_For_Reviewers\/presentation.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Video<\/a>)<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Have your antibodies been validated? <\/strong>Check the <a class=\"external-link\" style=\"line-height: 1.43em\" title=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/antibodyregistry.org\/\" target=\"_self\">Antibody registry<\/a>.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\">Also, <a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/fluorofinder.com\/\" target=\"_self\">FluoroFinder <\/a>has partnered with CiteAb to provide validation data for &gt;200,000 reagents.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Resource Authentication Plan<\/strong>: <a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/grants.nih.gov\/reproducibility\/faqs.htm#V\" target=\"_self\">https:\/\/grants.nih.gov\/reproducibility\/faqs.htm#V<\/a><\/h4>\n<h4 class=\" \">What Kind of Information Should I Include in My Application\u2019s<strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"> Resource Authentication Plan<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">?<\/span> Check out instructions on <a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/nexus.od.nih.gov\/all\/2016\/10\/26\/what-kind-of-information-resource-authentication-plan\/?utm_source=nexus&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=nihupdate&amp;utm_campaign=oct16\" target=\"_self\">NIH Nexus Blog.<\/a><\/h4>\n<h4 class=\" \">What are <strong>&#8216;Key Biological and\/or Chemical Resources&#8217;<\/strong> that should be addressed your application&#8217;s authentication plan? Key biological and\/or chemical resources include, but are not limited to, cell lines, specialty chemicals, antibodies and other biologics. <a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/nexus.od.nih.gov\/all\/2017\/06\/06\/what-are-key-biological-andor-chemical-resources-that-should-be-addressed-in-my-applications-authentication-plan\/?utm_source=nexus&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=nihupdate&amp;utm_campaign=may17\" target=\"_self\">More on NIH website<\/a><\/h4>\n<h4 class=\" \">Explore Optimized Multicolor Immunofluorescence Panels (OMIPs) are peer-reviewed panels designed for fluorescent assays. Available via <a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/fluorofinder.com\/omips\/\" target=\"_self\">Fluorofinder<\/a>.<\/h4>\n<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/grants.nih.gov\/policy\/reproducibility\/resources.htm\">Resources for preparing grant applications<\/a> <\/strong>for NIH funding (examples and plans)<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<h4><strong><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.faseb.org\/Portals\/2\/PDFs\/opa\/2016\/FASEB_Enhancing%20Research%20Reproducibility.pdf\" target=\"_self\">FASEB report <\/a>on enhancing research reproducibility identifies three main gaps to research reproducibility:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4>Lack of uniform definitions to describe the problem<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Insufficient reporting of key experimental details<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Gaps in scientific training<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>\n<h4><a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.faseb.org\/Portals\/2\/PDFs\/opa\/2016\/FASEB_Enhancing%20Research%20Reproducibility.pdf\" target=\"_self\">Recommendations for research using antibodies<\/a> (page 9-10) &#8216;Although vendor-supplied technical information may help investigators select reagents such as antibodies, this information is insufficient for validation&#8217;.<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>You may use this as a template for wording in your grants and publications to address Rigor and Reproducibility for your Flow Cytometry Experiments run in the UNC Flow Cytometry Core Facility. &nbsp; Eight steps to Rigorous and Reproducible Experiments in Biomolecular Research at UNC: If using a core facility, consult with the core staff &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.med.unc.edu\/flowcytometry\/resources\/guide-to-rigor-and-reproducibility-for-flow-cytometry-experiments\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Guide to Rigor and Reproducibility for Flow Cytometry Experiments\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20161,"featured_media":0,"parent":2263,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"layout":"","cellInformation":"","apiCallInformation":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-2325","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","odd"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Guide to Rigor and Reproducibility for Flow Cytometry Experiments - Flow Cytometry Core Facility<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Guide to Rigor and Reproducibility for Flow Cytometry Experiments - Flow Cytometry Core Facility\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"You may use this as a template for wording in your grants and publications to address Rigor and Reproducibility for your Flow Cytometry Experiments run in the UNC Flow Cytometry Core Facility. &nbsp; 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