These are earplugs that are manufactured in large quantities by hearing protection device companies. They typically come in a few sizes that fit many peoples’ ears, but not all. The sound reduction (attenuation) of these earplugs is not typically as “flat” as that of musician’s plugs. Therefore, depending on the type of plugs used, the music may be altered somewhat, and not have a truly “natural” sound. However, the sound is much better than using standard foam earplugs, which severely alter the pitch balance of sounds and muffle music, especially in the highs.

All in all, these are a good option for a reasonably flat and balanced sound for a much lower price than custom fitted musician’s earplugs. A Companies like Westone and Etymotic Research offer products such as these pictured above. The well-regarded Etymotic ETY20 plugs, (pictured) can be obtained for approximately $20 on various online retail sites. Westone Filtered Earplugs can range from $20-60 and are also available online.

In-Ear Monitors (IEMs) are custom molded earphones that are tailored for each individual’s ear. Inside each IEM is an array of small speakers (usually 2-5 speakers) that provide a hi-fi reproduction of sound that is fed into the performer’s ear. IEMs take their name from the fact that the performing musician is using a speaker(s) in their ear to monitor their performance, as opposed to a classic stage monitor speaker which is typically in front of the musician on the floor.

The volume of IEMs can be controlled just like a standard set of earphones.  IEMs are unique in that they provide a rehearsing or performing musician the ability to hear the house mix (including monitoring their own performance) through these custom earphones at a comfortable and safe volume. At the same time, the IEMs block external sound, protecting the musician from excessive noise from stage monitors, house speakers, or crowd noise.

Typically the IEMs are fed from the house sound system and may be attached to a wireless transmitter so that a performer’s movements are not restricted. IEMs offer hearing protection and a very balanced and clear sound at the same time. There are many options for IEMs from companies such as Westone, Ultimate Ears, and 64 Audio. IEMs can be custom designed and colored, and offer many choices in terms of speaker number and placement within the earpiece, and other features that may be tailored to an individual. Prices range from around $300-$1500 for custom-molded IEMs.

IEMs require extremely carefully and professionally done earmold impressions by an audiologist for them to fit properly and sound the way they should. Each part of the earmold impression must be perfect for the manufacturer of the IEM to make a well-functioning product in terms of its hearing protection value, comfort, and hi-fi sound. Contact the UNC HCC if you need earmold impressions or IEMs and we will be able to get you the proper type of ear impressions for this purpose.

These are generically available earplugs that can be found at any local drugstore, grocery store, convenience store, and from various online retailers. These plugs tend to have a very good hearing protection function (if properly inserted), and are able to block very loud music or other noises. These foam or rubber plugs are generically manufactured, so they may not fit well or comfortably in some people’s ears. Those with small or “curved” ear canals may find it uncomfortable to insert or wear some of these plugs for long periods of time.

In terms of their sound reduction, or attenuation, these plugs tend to severely impact the balance of pitch ranges of music. These plugs often reduce the high frequencies by a very large amount, and much more so that the low frequencies. The result is that music often sounds “muffled” or “fuzzy”. Musicians generally don’t prefer to wear these plugs while performing or listening as an audience member due to the way it interferes with the fidelity of the music. However, they are extremely inexpensive, highly available, and a good option to protect hearing if a musician does not have any of the earplugs or hearing protection options shown above.

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An ear impression is a mold of your ear that reproduces the depth, curvature and shape of your ear. It is used to make custom-fitted products such as musician’s earplugs and In-Ear-Monitors (IEMs).

Earmold impressions are typically done by an audiologist using several instruments. First, the audiologist will examine the ears with an otoscope or ear light. They will look for the overall anatomical structure of the ear, which may affect the impression. Also, any excessive wax should be removed prior to an earmold impression as it will alter the shape of the impression and may interfere with the functioning of the final product.

Then, the audiologist will place a cotton block deeply in the ear to mark the end of the impression. For musician’s products, a bite block is often used to hold the mouth open during the impression curing. The audiologist then fills the ear with a quick drying silicone compound that will harden in 5-10 minutes. After that, the impression is removed and the audiologist will examine the ears again following the procedure.

Ear impressions for use in making products for musicians have to be very exacting. They have to be made from the proper material, using the appropriate techniques, and be perfectly and fully formed, even showing the deeper parts of the ear. If an ear mold impression is not made properly, it is very likely that a custom-made product will not be comfortable in the ear, will not protect hearing, or will not deliver a high fidelity sound. Make sure to see your audiologist for an earmold impression for any type of musician’s related product.