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A Curriculum on Digital Psychiatry for a US-Based Psychiatry Residency Training Program: Pilot Implementation Study

June 6, 2024
This pilot implementation study outlines a curriculum on digital psychiatry at a large US-based psychiatry residency training program, including an evaluation of learner confidence in the appraisal and clinical recommendation of digital mental health apps.

ShapeAXI: Shape Analysis Explainability and Interpretability

June 6, 2024
ShapeAXI is a framework for shape analysis that uses a multi-view approach, capturing 3D objects from various angles and analyzing them with 2D CNNs. It features an automatic N-fold cross-validation process and generates explainability heat-maps, demonstrating its effectiveness in classifying condyles and cleft patient shapes, with its implementation available on...

Development of a brief bedside tool to screen women sexual assault survivors for risk of persistent posttraumatic stress six months after sexual assault

June 6, 2024
The current study developed and validated a brief bedside screening tool that could be used with recent sexual assault survivors to understand who is at risk for chronic and impairing posttraumatic stress (PTS) and could benefit from early intervention. The sample included 547 women presenting to one of thirteen hospitals...

A method for estimating dynamic functional network connectivity gradients (dFNG) from ICA captures smooth inter- network modulation

June 6, 2024
Dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) analysis is a widely used approach for studying brain function and offering insight into how brain networks evolve over time. Functional dysconnectivity between different brain regions has been reported in schizophrenia, yet the neural mechanisms behind it remain elusive. This manuscript presents a complementary novel...

Predator odor stress reactivity, alcohol drinking and the endocannabinoid system

June 6, 2024
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are highly comorbid and individual differences in response to stress suggest resilient and susceptible populations. The current review discusses the advantages of using predator odor stressors to better understand PTSD pathophysiology and neurobiological mechanisms associated with stress reactivity and subsequent increases...

Internal Representations Are Prioritized by Frontoparietal Theta Connectivity and Suppressed by alpha Oscillation Dynamics: Evidence from Concurrent Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation EEG and Invasive EEG

June 6, 2024
Control over internal representations requires the prioritization of relevant information and suppression of irrelevant information. We used TMS while participants either prioritized or suppressed information during a working memory task. We found evidence to support the idea that the frontoparietal theta network prioritizes internally maintained representations and alpha oscillations in...

Neuroactive Steroids, Toll-like Receptors, and Neuroimmune Regulation: Insights into Their Impact on Neuropsychiatric Disorders

June 6, 2024
This review emphasizes the significant therapeutic potential of neuroactive steroids in modulating TLR signaling pathways, particularly in addressing inflammatory processes associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. It advances our understanding of the complex interplay between neuroactive steroids and immune responses, paving the way for personalized treatment strategies tailored to individual needs and...

Post-traumatic stress and future substance use outcomes: leveraging antecedent factors to stratify risk

May 7, 2024
This study explored how PTSD symptoms impact future substance use, including tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis, utilizing causal forests to identify what factors are most important in stratifying this relationship. Findings revealed a significant association between PTSD symptoms and heightened tobacco and alcohol use, and that variables for lifetime cigarette use,...

Automatic landmark identification in cone-beam computed tomography

May 7, 2024
The ALICBCT tool offers an open-source, fully automated method for accurately placing landmarks in cone-beam CT scans, leveraging a novel AI approach for landmark detection with high precision and swift processing times, validated for clinical and research use.

Interpretable artificial intelligence for classification of alveolar bone defect in patients with cleft lip and palate

May 7, 2024
This study developed and tested a novel, interpretable AI-based classifier for assessing the severity of alveolar bone defects in CLP patients using 3D surface models and 2D CNNs, achieving high accuracy and providing visual explanations for its decisions.