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Patient Care

Types of Exams

At UNC Radiology, we utilize various imaging modalities to conduct a wide range of diagnostic tests for different medical conditions. Each modality has its distinct features, including the images it captures, the equipment it employs, and the conditions it aids radiologists in diagnosing. Discover more about our primary modalities for various imaging tests, which include X-ray, CT, MRI, ultrasound, and PET scans.

Diagnostic Imaging Exams

Computed Tomography (CT), often referred to as a CT scan or CAT scan, is a medical imaging technique that provides detailed cross-sectional images of the body’s internal structures. CT scans use a combination of X-rays and computer technology to create detailed, three-dimensional images of the body’s organs, bones, blood vessels, and tissues.

Used to Diagnose:

  • injuries from trauma
  • bone fractures
  • tumors and cancers
  • vascular disease
  • heart disease
  • infections
  • used to guide
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive medical imaging technique that provides detailed and high-resolution images of the internal structures of the human body. MRI relies on powerful magnetic fields and radio waves to generate images.

Used to Diagnose:

  • aneurysms
  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
  • stroke
  • spinal cord disorders
  • tumors
  • blood vessel issues
  • joint or tendon injuries
X-ray, also known as radiography, is a medical imaging technique that uses electromagnetic radiation to produce two-dimensional images of the inside of the body. The basic principle of X-ray imaging involves passing a controlled amount of X-ray radiation through the body, which is carefully controlled to minimize the radiation dose to patients.

Used to Diagnose:

  • bone fractures
  • arthritis
  • osteoporosis infections
  • breast cancer
  • swallowed items
  • digestive tract problems
A mammogram is an x-ray picture of the breast. The division is proud to offer access to several outpatient centers as well as main campus and Hillsborough hospital. We have access to new imaging equipment and software allowing for reduced radiation dose to the patient and improved image quality.
Patient Education Materials

Used to Diagnose:

  • breast cancer
  • breast density
By using radiotracers, PET visualizes cellular metabolism, enabling early disease detection, treatment response monitoring, and personalized medicine. This non-invasive technique enhances diagnosis, tailors therapies, and improves patient outcomes, revolutionizing modern medical care.

Used to Diagnose:

  • cancer
  • heart disease
  • coronary artery disease
  • Alzheimer’s Disease
  • seizures epilepsy
  • Parkinson’s Disease
Ultrasound is a noninvasive medical test that uses sound waves (not x-rays) from a hand-held unit called a transducer to create real-time images of the internal structures of the body.

Used to Diagnose:

  • gallbladder disease
  • breast lumps
  • genital/prostate issues
  • joint inflammation
  • blood flow problems
  • monitoring pregnancy
  • used to guide
  • biopsies
Fluoroscopy is a medical imaging technique that involves the use of continuous X-rays to create real-time, moving images of the internal structures of the body. It is a dynamic and interactive imaging method that allows healthcare professionals to observe and evaluate various bodily functions.

Used to Diagnose:

  • intestinal disease
  • swallowing issues
  • blood flow problems
  • heart conditions
  • used to guide catheter
  • used to guide stent
  • women’s reproductive organs
A single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scan is an imaging test that shows how blood flows to tissues and organs. SPECT is a nuclear imaging scan that integrates computed tomography (CT) and a radioactive tracer. The tracer is what allows doctors to see how blood flows to tissues and organs.

Used to Diagnose:

  • seizures
  • stroke
  • stress fractures
  • infections
  • tumors in the spine
CT angiography (CTA) or MR Angiography (MRA) are non-invasive medical exams that use X ray (CTA) or magnetic fields and radio waves (MRA) to visualize the blood vessels in your brain and/or neck. It is a specialized type of exam that focuses on your blood vessels. They provide detailed images of the arteries and veins in your head, allowing doctors to assess the blood flow and identify any abnormalities.

Used to Diagnose:

  • blood vessel
  • abnormalities
  • aneurysms (bulging blood vessels)
  • narrowing or blockages in blood vessels
  • other blood flow changes
CT Perfusion (CTP) or MR Perfusion (MRP) are medical exams that provide insights into blood flow in the brain. MR Perfusion is a specialized type of MRI that focuses on measuring blood flow in the brain. It provides detailed images that help doctors assess blood circulation and identify areas with reduced or increased blood supply.

Used to Diagnose:

  • strokes
  • abnormal blood supply
  • treatment assessment
  • plan surgical interventions for certain brain conditions
MR Spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive medical exam that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to check the levels of certain small particles, called molecules, in your brain. It is a specialized type of exam that focuses on the metabolism of your brain. This helps doctors see if there are unusual levels of certain metabolites that could indicate a problem.

Used to Diagnose:

  • metabolic disorders
  • cancer assessment
  • certain neurologic disorders
  • treatment monitoring